sd_bus_message_open_container, sd_bus_message_close_container, sd_bus_message_enter_container, sd_bus_message_exit_container − Create and move between containers in D−Bus messages
#include <elogind/sd−bus.h>
int sd_bus_message_open_container(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const char *contents); |
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int sd_bus_message_close_container(sd_bus_message *m); |
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int sd_bus_message_enter_container(sd_bus_message *m, char type, const char *contents); |
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int sd_bus_message_exit_container(sd_bus_message *m); |
sd_bus_message_open_container() appends a new container to the message m. After opening a new container, it can be filled with content using sd_bus_message_append(3) and similar functions. Containers behave like a stack. To nest containers inside each other, call sd_bus_message_open_container() multiple times without calling sd_bus_message_close_container() in between. Each container will be nested inside the previous container. type represents the container type and should be one of r, a, v or e as described in sd_bus_message_append(3). Instead of literals, the corresponding constants SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT or SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY can also be used. contents describes the type of the container's elements and should be a D−Bus type string following the rules described in sd_bus_message_append(3).
sd_bus_message_close_container() closes the last container opened with sd_bus_message_open_container(). On success, the write pointer of the message m is positioned after the closed container in its parent container or in m itself if there is no parent container.
sd_bus_message_enter_container() enters the next container of the message m for reading. It behaves mostly the same as sd_bus_message_open_container(). Entering a container allows reading its contents with sd_bus_message_read(3) and similar functions. type and contents are the same as in sd_bus_message_open_container().
sd_bus_message_exit_container() exits the scope of the last container entered with sd_bus_message_enter_container(). It behaves mostly the same as sd_bus_message_close_container(). Note that sd_bus_message_exit_container() may only be called after iterating through all members of the container, i.e. reading or skipping them. Use sd_bus_message_skip(3) to skip over felds of a container in order to be able to exit the container with sd_bus_message_exit_container() without reading all members.
On success, these functions return a non−negative integer. sd_bus_message_open_container() and sd_bus_message_close_container() return 0. sd_bus_message_enter_container() returns 1 if it successfully opened a new container, and 0 if that was not possible because the end of the currently open container or message was reached. sd_bus_message_exit_container() returns 1 on success. On failure, all of these functions return a negative errno−style error code.
Returned errors may indicate the following problems:
−EINVAL
m or contents are NULL or type is invalid.
−EPERM
The message m is already sealed.
−ESTALE
The message m is in an invalid state.
−ENOMEM
Memory allocation failed.
−EBUSY
sd_bus_message_exit_container() was called but there are unread members left in the container.
These APIs are implemented as a shared library, which can be compiled and linked to with the libelogind pkg-config(1) file.
Example 1. Append an array of strings to a message
/* SPDX−License−Identifier: MIT−0 */
#include <elogind/sd−bus.h>
int
append_strings_to_message(sd_bus_message *m, const char
*const *arr) {
int r;
r =
sd_bus_message_open_container(m, 'a', "s");
if (r < 0)
return r;
for (const char
*s = *arr; *s; s++) {
r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "s", s);
if (r < 0)
return r;
}
return
sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
}
Example 2. Read an array of strings from a message
/* SPDX−License−Identifier: MIT−0 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <elogind/sd−bus.h>
int
read_strings_from_message(sd_bus_message *m) {
int r;
r =
sd_bus_message_enter_container(m, 'a', "s");
if (r < 0)
return r;
for (;;) {
const char *s;
r =
sd_bus_message_read(m, "s", &s);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (r == 0)
break;
printf("%s\n",
s);
}
return
sd_bus_message_exit_container(m);
}
elogind(8), sd-bus(3), sd_bus_message_append(3), sd_bus_message_read(3), sd_bus_message_skip(3), The D−Bus specification [1]
1. |
The D-Bus specification |
https://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-specification.html