pki − Simple public key infrastructure (PKI) management tool
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pki |
command [option ...] |
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pki |
−h | −−help |
pki is a suite of commands that allow you to manage a simple public key infrastructure (PKI).
Generate RSA and ECDSA key pairs, create PKCS#10 certificate requests containing subjectAltNames, create X.509 self-signed end-entity and root CA certificates, issue end-entity and intermediate CA certificates signed by the private key of a CA and containing subjectAltNames, CRL distribution points and URIs of OCSP servers. You can also extract raw public keys from private keys, certificate requests and certificates and compute two kinds of SHA-1-based key IDs.
The pki command now supports certificate enrollment via the Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) as defined by RFC 8894, replacing the obsoleted ipsec scepclient tool. Additionally the Enrollment over Secure Transport (EST) protocol (RFC 7030) is supported, too.
−h, −−help
Prints usage information and a short summary of the available commands.
−g, −−gen
Generate a new private key.
−s, −−self
Create a self-signed certificate.
−i, −−issue
Issue a certificate using a CA certificate and key.
−c, −−signcrl
Issue a CRL using a CA certificate and key.
−z, −−acert
Issue an attribute certificate.
−r, −−req
Create a PKCS#10 certificate request.
−7, −−pkcs7
Provides PKCS#7 wrap/unwrap functions.
−k, −−keyid
Calculate key identifiers of a key or certificate.
−a, −−print
Print a credential (key, certificate etc.) in human readable form.
−d, −−dn
Extract the subject DN of an X.509 certificate.
−p, −−pub
Extract a public key from a private key or certificate.
−v, −−verify
Verify a certificate using a CA certificate.
−S, −−scep
Enroll an X.509 certificate with a SCEP server.
−C, −−scepca
Get CA [and RA] certificate[s] from a SCEP server.
−E, −−est
Enroll an X.509 certificate with an EST server.
−e, −−estca
Get CA certificate[s] from an EST server.
Generating a
CA Certificate
The first step is to generate a private key using the
−−gen command. By default this generates
a 2048-bit RSA key.
pki −−gen > ca_key.der
This key is used to create the self-signed CA certificate, using the −−self command. The distinguished name should be adjusted to your needs.
pki
−−self −−ca −−in
ca_key.der \
−−dn "C=CH, O=strongSwan, CN=strongSwan
CA" > ca_cert.der
Generating
End-Entity Certificates
With the root CA certificate and key at hand end-entity
certificates for clients and servers can be issued.
Similarly intermediate CA certificates can be issued, which
in turn can issue other certificates. To generate a
certificate for a server, we start by generating a private
key.
pki −−gen > server_key.der
The public key will be included in the certificate so lets extract that from the private key.
pki −−pub −−in server_key.der > server_pub.der
The following command will use the CA certificate and private key to issue the certificate for this server. Adjust the distinguished name, subjectAltName(s) and flags as needed (check pki −−issue(8) for more options).
pki
−−issue −−in server_pub.der
−−cacert ca_cert.der \
−−cakey ca_key.der −−dn "C=CH,
O=strongSwan, CN=VPN Server" \
−−san vpn.strongswan.org −−flag
serverAuth > server_cert.der
Instead of storing the public key in a separate file, the output of −−pub may also be piped directly into the above command.
Generating
Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL)
If end-entity certificates have to be revoked, CRLs may be
generated using the −−signcrl
command.
pki
−−signcrl −−cacert ca_cert.der
−−cakey ca_key.der \
−−reason superseded −−cert
server_cert.der > crl.der
The certificate given with −−cacert must be either a CA certificate or a certificate with the crlSign extended key usage (−−flag crlSign). URIs to CRLs may be included in issued certificates with the −−crl option.
pki −−gen(1), pki −−self(1), pki −−issue(1), pki −−signcrl(1), pki −−acert(1), pki −−req(1), pki −−pkcs7(1), pki −−keyid(1), pki −−print(1), pki −−dn(1), pki −−pub(1), pki −−verify(1), pki −−scep(1) pki −−scepca(1) pki −−est(1) pki −−estca(1)