pdnsutil − PowerDNS record and DNSSEC command and control
pdnsutil [OPTION]... COMMAND
pdnsutil (formerly pdnssec) is a powerful command that is the operator−friendly gateway into DNSSEC and zone management for PowerDNS. Behind the scenes, pdnsutil manipulates a PowerDNS backend database, which also means that for many databases, pdnsutil can be run remotely, and can configure key material on different servers.
−h, −−help
Show summary of options
−v, −−verbose
Be more verbose.
−−force
Force an action
−−config−name <NAME>
Virtual configuration name
−−config−dir <DIR>
Location of pdns.conf. Default is /etc/powerdns.
There are many available commands, this section splits them up into their respective uses
Several commands manipulate the DNSSEC keys and options for zones. Some of these commands require an ALGORITHM to be set. The following algorithms are supported:
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rsasha1 |
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rsasha1−nsec3−sha1 |
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rsasha256 |
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rsasha512 |
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ecdsa256 |
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ecdsa384 |
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ed25519 |
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ed448 |
activate−zone−key ZONE KEY−ID
Activate a key with id KEY−ID within a zone called ZONE.
add−zone−key
ZONE [KSK,ZSK]
[active,inactive]
[published,unpublished]
KEYBITS ALGORITHM
Create a new key for zone ZONE, and make it a KSK or a ZSK (default), with the specified algorithm. The key is inactive by default, set it to active to immediately use it to sign ZONE. The key is published in the zone by default, set it to unpublished to keep it from being returned in a DNSKEY query, which is useful for algorithm rollovers. Prints the id of the added key.
create−bind−db FILE
Create DNSSEC database (sqlite3) at FILE for the BIND backend. Remember to set bind−dnssec−db=*FILE* in your pdns.conf.
deactivate−zone−key ZONE KEY−ID
Deactivate a key with id KEY−ID within a zone called ZONE.
disable−dnssec ZONE
Deactivate all keys and unset PRESIGNED in ZONE.
export−zone−dnskey ZONE KEY−ID
Export to standard output DNSKEY and DS of key with key id KEY−ID within zone called ZONE.
export−zone−ds ZONE
Export to standard output all KSK DS records for ZONE.
export−zone−key ZONE KEY−ID
Export to standard output full (private) key with key id KEY−ID within zone called ZONE. The format used is compatible with BIND and NSD/LDNS.
export−zone−key−pem ZONE KEY−ID
Export to standard output full (private) key with key id KEY−ID within zone called ZONE in the PEM file format. The format is compatible with many non−DNS software products.
generate−zone−key {KSK,ZSK} [ALGORITHM] [KEYBITS]
Generate a ZSK or KSK to stdout with specified algorithm and bits and print it on STDOUT. If ALGORITHM is not set, ECDSA256 is used. If KEYBITS is not set, an appropriate keysize is selected for ALGORITHM. Each ECC−based algorithm supports only one valid KEYBITS value: For ECDSA256 and ED25519, it is 256; for ECDSA384, it is 384; and for ED448, it is 456.
import−zone−key ZONE FILE {KSK,ZSK}
Import from FILE a full (private) key for the zone called ZONE. The format used is compatible with BIND and NSD/LDNS. KSK or ZSK specifies the flags this key should have on import. Prints the id of the added key.
import−zone−key−pem ZONE FILE ALGORITHM {KSK,**ZSK**}
Import from PEM FILE a full (private) key for the zone called ZONE with a specified ALGORITHM. The format used is compatible with many non−DNS software products. KSK or ZSK specifies the flags this key should have on import. Prints the id of the added key.
publish−zone−key ZONE KEY−ID
Publish the key with id KEY−ID within a zone called ZONE.
remove−zone−key ZONE KEY−ID
Remove a key with id KEY−ID from a zone called ZONE.
set−nsec3 ZONE ['HASH−ALGORITHM FLAGS ITERATIONS SALT'] [narrow]
Sets NSEC3 parameters for this zone. The quoted parameters are 4 values that are used for the NSEC3PARAM record and decide how NSEC3 records are created. The NSEC3 parameters must be quoted on the command line. HASH−ALGORITHM must be 1 (SHA−1). Setting FLAGS to 1 enables NSEC3 opt−out operation. Only do this if you know you need it. For ITERATIONS, please consult RFC 5155, section 10.3. And be aware that a high number might overload validating resolvers and that a limit can be set with max−nsec3−iterations in pdns.conf. The SALT is a hexadecimal string encoding the bits for the salt, or − to use no salt. Setting narrow will make PowerDNS send out "white lies" (RFC 7129) about the next secure record to prevent zone enumeration. Instead of looking it up in the database, it will send out the hash + 1 as the next secure record. Narrow mode requires online signing capabilities by the nameserver and therefore zone transfers are denied. If only the zone is provided as argument, the 4−parameter quoted string defaults to '1 0 0 −'. A sample commandline is: pdnsutil set−nsec3 powerdnssec.org '1 1 1 ab' narrow. WARNING: If running in RSASHA1 mode (algorithm 5 or 7), switching from NSEC to NSEC3 will require a DS update in the parent zone.
unpublish−zone−key ZONE KEY−ID
Unpublish the key with id KEY−ID within a zone called ZONE.
unset−nsec3 ZONE
Converts ZONE to NSEC operations. WARNING: If running in RSASHA1 mode (algorithm 5 or 7), switching from NSEC to NSEC3 will require a DS update at the parent zone!
set−publish−cds ZONE [DIGESTALGOS]
Set ZONE to respond to queries for its CDS records. the optional argument DIGESTALGOS should be a comma−separated list of DS algorithms to use. By default, this is 2 (SHA−256). 0 will publish a CDS with a DNSSEC delete algorithm.
set−publish−cdnskey ZONE [delete]
Set ZONE to publish CDNSKEY records. Add 'delete' to publish a CDNSKEY with a DNSSEC delete algorithm.
unset−publish−cds ZONE
Set ZONE to stop responding to queries for its CDS records.
unset−publish−cdnskey ZONE
Set ZONE to stop publishing CDNSKEY records.
These commands manipulate TSIG key information in the database. Some commands require an ALGORITHM, the following are available:
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hmac−md5 |
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hmac−sha1 |
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hmac−sha224 |
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hmac−sha256 |
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hmac−sha384 |
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hmac−sha512 |
activate−tsig−key ZONE NAME {primary,secondary,producer,consumer}
Enable TSIG authenticated AXFR using the key NAME for zone ZONE. This sets the TSIG−ALLOW−AXFR (primary/producer) or AXFR−MASTER−TSIG (secondary/consumer) zone metadata.
deactivate−tsig−key ZONE NAME {primary,secondary,producer,consumer}
Disable TSIG authenticated AXFR using the key NAME for zone ZONE.
delete−tsig−key NAME
Delete the TSIG key NAME. Warning, this does not deactivate said key.
generate−tsig−key NAME ALGORITHM
Generate new TSIG key with name NAME and the specified algorithm.
import−tsig−key NAME ALGORITHM KEY
Import KEY of the specified algorithm as NAME.
list−tsig−keys
Show a list of all configured TSIG keys.
add−record ZONE NAME TYPE [TTL] CONTENT
Add one or more records of NAME and TYPE to ZONE with CONTENT and optional TTL. If TTL is not set, default will be used.
add−autoprimary IP NAMESERVER [ACCOUNT]
Add a autoprimary entry into the backend. This enables receiving zone updates from other servers.
remove−autoprimary IP NAMESERVER
Remove an autoprimary from backend. Not supported by BIND backend.
list−autoprimaries
List all autoprimaries.
create−zone ZONE
Create an empty zone named ZONE.
create−secondary−zone ZONE PRIMARY [PRIMARY]...
Create a new secondary zone ZONE with primaries PRIMARY. All PRIMARYs need to to be space−separated IP addresses with an optional port.
change−secondary−zone−primary ZONE PRIMARY [PRIMARY]...
Change the primaries for secondary zone ZONE to new primaries PRIMARY. All PRIMARYs need to to be space−separated IP addresses with an optional port.
check−all−zones
Check all zones for correctness.
check−zone ZONE
Check zone ZONE for correctness.
clear−zone ZONE
Clear the records in zone ZONE, but leave actual zone and settings unchanged
delete−rrset ZONE NAME TYPE
Delete named RRSET from zone.
delete−zone ZONE
Delete the zone named ZONE.
edit−zone ZONE
Opens ZONE in zonefile format (regardless of backend it was loaded from) in the editor set in the environment variable EDITOR. if EDITOR is empty, pdnsutil falls back to using editor.
get−meta ZONE [ATTRIBUTE]...
Get zone metadata. If no ATTRIBUTE given, lists all known.
hash−password [WORK−FACTOR]
This convenience command asks for a password and returns a hashed and salted version, for use as a webserver password or api key. An optional scrypt work factor can be specified, in power of two, otherwise it defaults to 1024.
hash−zone−record ZONE RNAME
This convenience command hashes the name RNAME according to the NSEC3 settings of ZONE. Refuses to hash for zones with no NSEC3 settings.
increase−serial ZONE
Increases the SOA−serial by 1. Uses SOA−EDIT.
list−keys [ZONE]
List DNSSEC information for all keys or for ZONE. −−verbose or −v will also include the keys for disabled or empty zones.
list−all−zones
List all active zone names. −−verbose or −v will also include disabled or empty zones.
list−member−zones CATALOG
List all members of catalog zone CATALOG"
list−zone ZONE
Show all records for ZONE.
load−zone ZONE FILE
Load records for ZONE from FILE. If ZONE already exists, all records are overwritten, this operation is atomic. If ZONE doesn't exist, it is created.
rectify−zone ZONE
Calculates the 'ordername' and 'auth' fields for a zone called ZONE so they comply with DNSSEC settings. Can be used to fix up migrated data. Can always safely be run, it does no harm.
rectify−all−zones
Calculates the 'ordername' and 'auth' fields for all zones so they comply with DNSSEC settings. Can be used to fix up migrated data. Can always safely be run, it does no harm.
replace−rrset ZONE NAME TYPE [TTL] CONTENT [CONTENT...]
Replace existing NAME in zone ZONE with a new set.
secure−zone ZONE
Configures a zone called ZONE with reasonable DNSSEC settings. You should manually run 'pdnsutil rectify−zone' afterwards.
secure−all−zones [increase−serial]
Configures all zones that are not currently signed with reasonable DNSSEC settings. Setting increase−serial will increase the serial of those zones too. You should manually run 'pdnsutil rectify−all−zones' afterwards.
set−kind ZONE KIND
Change the kind of ZONE to KIND (primary, secondary, native, producer, consumer).
set−options−json ZONE JSON
Change the options of ZONE to JSON
set−option
ZONE [producer*|*consumer]
[coo*|*unique*|*group] VALUE
[VALUE ...]
Set or remove an option for ZONE. Providing an empty value removes an option.
set−catalog ZONE CATALOG
Change the catalog of ZONE to CATALOG
set−account ZONE ACCOUNT
Change the account (owner) of ZONE to ACCOUNT.
add−meta ZONE ATTRIBUTE VALUE [VALUE]...
Append VALUE to the existing ATTRIBUTE metadata for ZONE. Will return an error if ATTRIBUTE does not support multiple values, use set−meta for these values.
set−meta ZONE ATTRIBUTE [VALUE]...
Set zonemetadata ATTRIBUTE for ZONE to VALUE. An empty value clears it.
set−presigned ZONE
Switches ZONE to presigned operation, utilizing in−zone RRSIGs.
show−zone ZONE
Shows all DNSSEC related settings of a zone called ZONE.
test−schema ZONE
Test database schema, this creates the zone ZONE
unset−presigned ZONE
Disables presigned operation for ZONE.
raw−lua−from−content TYPE CONTENT
Display record contents in a form suitable for dnsdist's SpoofRawAction.
zonemd−verify−file ZONE FILE
Validate ZONEMD for ZONE read from FILE.
backend−cmd BACKEND CMD [CMD...]
Send a text command to a backend for execution. GSQL backends will take SQL commands, other backends may take different things. Be careful!
bench−db [FILE]
Perform a benchmark of the backend−database. FILE can be a file with a list, one per line, of zone names to use for this. If FILE is not specified, powerdns.com is used.
b2b−migrate OLD NEW
Migrate data from one backend to another. Needs launch=OLD,NEW in the configuration.
ipencrypt IP−ADDRESS password
Encrypt an IP address according to the 'ipcipher' standard
ipdecrypt IP−ADDRESS password
Decrypt an IP address according to the 'ipcipher' standard
pdns_server (1), pdns_control (1)
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