amptool - Qualcomm Atheros AR7x00 Powerline Device Manager
amptool [options] [device] [device] [...]
This version of the Qualcomm Atheros Device Manager for Linux performs basic operations on Atheros AR7400 devices using the raw Ethernet protocol described in the Qualcomm Atheros HomePlug AV Firmware Technical Reference Manual. It can be used to interrogate and control devices or upgrade firmware if on-board NVRAM is present.
This program is part of the Qualcomm Atheros Powerline Toolkit. It supports chipset AR7400 and QCA7450. See plctool to support QCA6410, QCA7000 and QCA7420 devices. See the plc man page for an overview and installation instructions.
This program version is identical to legacy program int6k except for option -m which uses version 1 of the Qualcomm Atheros VS_NW_INFO vendor-specific message. Older firmware versions may not recognize this message version.
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-a |
Read device attributes using VS_OP_ATTRIBUTES. Attributes are short strings and integers that describe device hardware and firmware. They are concatenated to form the output that is similar to option -r but derived differently. |
-B action
Press the simple connect pushbutton using VS_PB_ENC. The action can be specified by number 1, 2, 3 or 4 or by symbol "join", "leave", "status" or "reset", respectively. Use 1 on both devices that are expected to join. Use 2 only on the device that is expected to leave the network.
-C module
Commit (flash) downloaded modules to NVRAM using VS_MOD_NVM. The module can be spedified by number 1, 2 or 3 or by symbol "nvm", "pib" or "all", repectively. Module 3 is equivalent to option -F which writes the NVM and PIB together. You cannot force flash NVRAM using this option. Use option -FF to force flash.
-d filename
Read Watchdog Report from the device and write it to the named file in binary format using VS_WD_RPT. The report file can be sent to Qualcomm Atheros for technical analysis. No assumptions are made based on filename and no filename convetions are enforced; however, you should use a .log file extension to indicate binary format.
-D xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
Define the 16 octet Device Access Key (DAK) in hex format. The DAK is used by option -J. It may also be set to "key1" or "key2" as explained in the KEYS section.
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-e |
Redirects stderr messages to stdout. By convention status and error messages are printed on stderr while primary program output is printed on stdout. This option prints all output on stdout in cases where this is desired. | ||
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-f |
Read flash memory parameters using VS_GET_NVM. An error will be reported if no flash memory is present. | ||
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-F[F] |
Write previously downloaded MAC and PIB to NVRAM using VS_MOD_NVM. Adding a second F here or another -F anywhere on the command line will force-flash a blank or corrupted NVRAM. Firmware loaded from NVRAM will treat force-flash as an error. This option can be used to create factory settings but cannot be used to change them once created. Subsequent use creates and updates operational settings that can be erased using a factory reset. This option is executed after all others on the command line, except for the -R option. |
-i interface
Select the host Ethernet interface. All requests are sent via this host interface and only reponses received via this host interface are recognized. The default interface is eth1 because most people use eth0 as their principle network connection; however, if environment string "PLC" is defined then it takes precedence over the default interface. This option then takes precedence over either default.
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-I |
Read the device PIB header using VS_RD_MOD and print the firmware major revision number, PIB minor revision number, Device Access Key (DAK), Network Membership Key (NMK), MAC address and other information on stdout. The values displayed can be changed using program modpib. |
-J xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
Set the Network Membership Key (NMK) on a remote device using VS_SET_KEY. This option is similar to option -K but requires the remote device MAC and DAK in addition to the NMK and local device MAC address. The NMK value is defined using option -K unless you want to use the default value. The remote DAK is defined using option -D unless you want to use the default value. Programming remote device keys is complicated. It is often easier to connect the device directly to the host and use the -K option.
-K xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
Define the Network Membership Key (NMK) value used by options -M or -J. The symbolic names "key1" and "key2" are recognized as described in the KEY section.
-l count
Define the number of times that the command will be repeated for each device specified. Normally, you will repeat operations on one device only.
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-m |
Read network membership information using VS_NW_INFO. This can be used to determine network configuration. | ||
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-M |
Set the Network Membership Key (NMK) on the local device using VS_SET_KEY. The NMK value is specified using the -K option unless you want to use the default value. |
-n filename
Read firmware from the device SDRAM and write it to the named .nvm file using multiple VS_RD_MOD messages. No assumptions are made based on filename and no filename conventions are enforced. This option is performed before option -N when both are specified.
-N filename
Read the named .nvm file and write it to the device using multiple VS_WR_MOD messages. No assumptions are made based on filename and no filename conventions are enforced; however, files having invalid .nvm format will be rejected. This option is executed after -n when both are specified.
-p filename
Read parameters from the device SDRAM and write them to the named .pib file using multiple VS_RD_MOD messages. No assumptions are made based on filename and no filename convetions are enforced. This option is executed before option BP when both are specified.
-P filename
Read the named .pib file and write it to the device using multiple VS_WR_MOD messages. No assumptions are made based on filename and no filename conventions are enforced; however, files having invalid .pib format will be rejected. This option is executed after -p when both are specified.
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-q |
Suppresses status messages on stderr. | ||
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-Q |
Quick flash. The program will not wait for a device to reset or the firmware to restart after writing flash memory. This option is desirable with newer firmware that writes flash memory in the background. It has no effect unless used with option -F or -C. | ||
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-r |
Read device firmware and hardware revision using VS_SW_VER. Output is similar to option -a but is derived differently. | ||
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-R |
Reset the device using VS_RS_DEV. This option is executed after all others on the same command line. | ||
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-s |
Read device SDRAM configuration using VS_RD_CBLOCK. |
-t milliseconds
Read timeout in milliseconds. Values range from 0 through UINT_MAX. This is the maximum time allowed for a response. The default is shown in brackets on the program menu.
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-T |
Restore factory defaults. This permanently erases all PIB changes made since the device was last programmed with factory default settings. The device will automatically reset and reboot. | ||
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-v |
Print additional information on stdout. In particular, this option dumps incoming and outgoing packets which can be saved as text files for reference. |
-w seconds
Defines the number of seconds to wait before repeating command line options. This option has no effect unless option -l is also specified with a non-zero value.
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-x |
Cause the program to exit on the first error instead of continuing with remaining iterations, operations or devices. Normally, the program reports errors and moves on to the next operation, iteration or device depending on the command line. |
-?,--help
Print program help summary on stdout. This option takes precedence over other options on the command line.
-?,--version
Print program version information on stdout. This option takes precedence over other options on the command line. Use this option when sending screen dumps to Atheros Technical Support so that they know exactly which version of the Linux Toolkit you are using.
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device |
The Ethernet hardware address of some powerline device. More than one address may be specified on the command line. If more than one address is specified then operations are performed on each device in turn. The default address is local. as explained in the DEVICES section. |
Passwords are variable length character strings that end-users can remember. Keys are fixed length binary values created by encrypting passwords. There are two encryption algorithms for HomePlugAV. One for DAKs and the other for NMKs. This means that a given password will produce different keys depending on use. This program only deals with keys because that is what powerline devices recognize. The passwords that generated the keys are irrelevant here.
Encryption keys are tedious to type and prone to error. For convenience, symbolic names have been assigned to common encryption keys and are recognized by options -D and -K.
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key1 |
Key for encrypted password "HomePlugAV". This is "689F074B8B0275A2710B0B5779AD1630" for option -D and "50D3E4933F855B7040784DF815AA8DB7" for option -K. | ||
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key2 |
Key for encrypted password "HomePlugAV0123". This is "F084B4E8F6069FF1300C9BDB812367FF" for option -D and "B59319D7E8157BA001B018669CCEE30D" for option -K. | ||
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none |
Always "00000000000000000000000000000000". |
Powerline devices use Ethernet hardware, or Media Access Control (MAC), addresses. Device addresses are 12 hexadecimal digits (0123456789ABCDEFabcdef) in upper, lower or mixed case. Individual octets may be separated by colons, for clarity, but not all octets need to be seperated. For example, "00b052000001", "00:b0:52:00:00:01" and "00b052:000001" are valid and equivalent.
These symbolic addresses are recognized by this program and may be used instead of the actual address value.
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all |
Equivalent to "broadcast", described next. |
broadcast
A synonym for the standard Ethernet broadcast address, FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF. All devices, whether local, remote or foreign will respond to this address.
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local |
A synonym for the Qualcomm Atheros vendor specific Local Management Address (LMA), 00:B0:52:00:00:01. All local Atheros devices will recognize this address but remote and foreign devices will not. A remote device is any device at the far end of a powerline connection. A foreign device is any device not manufactured by Atheros. |
See the Qualcomm Atheros HomePlug AV Firmware Technical Reference Manual for more information.
Atheros HomePlug AV Vendor Specific Management Message structure and content is proprietary to Qualcomm Atheros, Ocala FL USA. Consequently, public information may not be available. Qualcomm Atheros reserves the right to modify message structure or content in future firmware releases without any obligation to notify or compensate users of this program.
# amptool -n old.nvm -p old.pib -N new.nvm -P new.pib -F 01:23:45:67:89:AB
Performs 5 operations on one device. Uploads the firmware and PIB from the device and writes them to files old.nvm and old.pib, respectively. Reads files new.nvm and new.pib and downloads them as new firmware and PIB, respectively. Commits the downloaded firmware and PIB to NVRAM. Operations are executed in the order just described regardless of the order specified on the command line. If you want reading and writing to occur in a different order then you must use two or more commands to accomplish tasks in the order you want.
# amptool -N
new.nvm 01:23:45:67:89:28
# amptool -P new.pib 01:23:45:67:89:28
# amptool -C 3 01:23:45:67:89:28
It is not neccessary to specify all operations on one command line. The three command lines above do essentially the same thing as the command line shown in the previou example. Notice that this example uses -C 3, instead of -F, as an alternate way to write MAC and PIB to NVRAM. Specifying -C 1, instead, would write the .nvm file only. Specifying, -C 2, instead, would write the .pib file only. The value 3 is the logical OR of 1 and 2.
# amptool -N new.nvm -P new.pib -FF local
Downloads file new.nvm and file new.pib and force flashes the local device. Force flashing only works on running firmware that has been downloaded and stated by the Qualcomm Atheros Boot Loader. See amptoolf to download, start firmware and perform a force flash in one operation.
# amptool -MK
key1
# amptool -M
These two commands are equivalent. They set the NMK on the local device to key1 as descripted in the KEYS section. The first command resets the NMK on the local device with -M then specifies the NMK as key1. The second command omits the key specification since key1 is the program default NMK. One could, of course, type the encryption key.
plc(1), ampboot(1), ampboot(1), amphost(1), int6kid(1), amprate(1), amprule(1), ampstat(1), ampwait(1)
Charles Maier
Nathaniel Houghton